The common faults of the internal combustion engine piston group in
diesel generator sets include: skirt wear, piston ring groove wear, external surface abrasion, burning, piston fracture, piston ring wear, piston ring biting or breaking in the groove, and piston pin breakage.
The specific manifestations and causes of these faults are as follows:
Skirt wear: The piston skirt comes into contact with the inner wall of the cylinder liner and moves relative to it. Long term use can cause wear and affect the sealing performance.
Wear of piston ring groove: The piston ring moves back and forth in the groove, and long-term friction causes wear of the groove body, affecting the sealing effect.
External surface abrasion: Due to foreign objects or collisions during high-speed motion, the external surface of the piston is scratched, affecting its normal use.
Burnout: High temperature and insufficient oil can cause the top of the piston to burn, forming carbon deposits that affect heat dissipation and combustion efficiency.
Piston fracture: Due to material fatigue or stress concentration, the piston may break during use, causing the engine to malfunction.
Wear of piston rings: Friction between piston rings and cylinder walls causes wear, affecting sealing and engine efficiency.
Piston ring biting or breaking in groove: Due to improper installation or material issues, the piston ring may bite or break in the groove, affecting engine operation.
Piston pin breakage: The piston pin connects the piston and connecting rod, and long-term use or stress concentration may cause the pin to break, affecting the engine connection.
The solutions to these faults include:
Observation method: By observing the external condition of the generator and the sealing of the pipeline, oil leakage or seepage problems can be detected in a timely manner.
Auditory method: By listening to the internal sound state of the diesel engine during operation, determine whether there is any abnormal sound.
Tactile judgment: By touching the cylinder head to feel the vibration, determine whether the piston ring hits the cylinder shoulder.
Experimental judgment: By conducting a single cylinder fuel cut-off test and listening to its sound changes, determine whether there is a problem with the piston ring.
Measurement: Use measuring pens and multimeters to measure the current and voltage of the generator and determine if the equipment is operating normally.
Record: Timely record the inspection work of the generator set, including the problems and faults found and the solutions adopted, for future maintenance reference.
